abstract：:Care and treatment of female runners will improve as further knowledge regarding the unique factors that affect them becomes available. For care and treatment to be their most effective, current and recent information needs to be disseminated among health care providers, coaches, teachers, school administrators, and p...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Prather H,Hunt D

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article provides a critical review of what is currently known concerning the nature and scope of depression in persons who have MS. It begins with a discussion of relevant terminology,which is followed by a summary of the research literature concern-ing the prevalence; severity; and risk factors for, and impact o...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Ehde DM,Bombardier CH

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are special aspects of aging with an amputation and with being elderly at the time of an amputation. Older adults who have undergone amputation have many issues to contend with, including comorbidities that affect postoperative care and rehabilitation, general deconditioning and loss of mobility (especially if t...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Frieden RA

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews the theories and applications of acupuncture to musculoskeletal pain management. First, Chinese theories of acupuncture are discussed briefly. Next, current understanding of nociception and central pain modulation is discussed in detail,followed by discussion of the physiologic effect of acupunctu...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Audette JF,Ryan AH

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As public demand for complementary and alternative medicine increases,it is important for physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians to have some basic understanding of complementary and alternative medicine or at least to appreciate some of the approved indications so that appropriate referrals can be made. Beca...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Lew HL,Lee J,Chen JL,Chen SC

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Shoulder stiffness is a common but poorly understood disorder of the glenohumeral joint. Many terms are used to describe a stiff shoulder, including frozen shoulder and adhesive capsulitis. This article reviews the terminology, classification, diagnostic options, and management options of shoulder stiffness. Conservat...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Harrast MA,Rao AG

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The advent of equipment capable of performing SEPs, MEPs, and EMG in a multiplexed manner and in a timely fashion brings a new level of monitoring that far exceeds the previous basic monitoring done with SEPs only. Whether this more comprehensive monitoring will result in greater protection of the nervous system await...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Slimp JC

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:BT is likely effective in controlling spasticity in the smaller muscles of the arm and hand, although there has been only one large controlled trial. For lower limb spasticity, the outcomes are more mixed. No large randomized, controlled trials have been done, and the larger size of the muscles results in a decreased ...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Bell KR,Williams F

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article provides an essential curriculum in cervical spine radiology. It discusses the uses of plain radiographs, MR imaging, computed tomography (CT), and CT myelography, in addition to the methodologies of discography, epidural injections under visualization, and facet and nerve root injections. It explains how...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Mink JH,Gordon RE,Deutsch AL

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrodiagnosis can classify hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN) into two basic types: primarily demyelinating with secondary axonal loss and primarily axonal. For the most part, the various forms of HMSN show uniform symmetric nerve conduction slowing, in contrast to acquired neuropathies, which may be ...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Carter GT,England JD,Hecht TW,Han JJ,Weydt P,Chance PF

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The history and physical examination are an essential component in the assessment of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. The differential diagnosis is broad, and many conditions may be ruled out with a thorough office evaluation. Peripheral neuropathy, arteriovascular disease, and hip arthrosis are common entities w...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Thomas SA

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuromuscular electrical stimulation may have an important role in improving the motor function of stroke survivors. Active, repetitive movement training mediated by transcutaneous cyclic and EMG-triggered NMES may facilitate the motor recovery of stroke survivors. Multicenter, double-blinded, randomized clinical tria...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Chae J

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Every examination of disability among children must first grapple with definition of disability. The challenges to identifying disability among children involve not only determining the appropriate paradigm for defining disability, but also applying that paradigm to children in a meaningful way. This discussion of the...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Mudrick NR

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article explores a variety of myths and facts about therapy for children who have cerebral palsy. Current evidence is used to refute popular myths and debunk harmful ones. A way of integrating interventions is suggested and a planning process for timing interventions is proposed. ...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Logan LR

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:EBP is not a new concept. To practice using the newest and best research evidence, clinicians must have the knowledge and skills to find and appraise the quality of the evidence. This process starts with the formulation of a focused question, followed by an effective search for the best evidence, critical appraisal of...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： O'Donnell ME,Roxborough L

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is now well recognized that the natural course of cervical radiculopathy is generally favorable. Comprehensive, aggressive, nonsurgical management often is successful with respect to functional outcomes, pain reduction, and patient satisfaction. Surgery is avoidable for most patients. The focus of this article is a...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Wolff MW,Levine LA

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Physiatrists are a valuable resource in legal settings, where assessment of functional capacity to perform work and of future medical needs must be determined. Physiatrists help determine what future medical care is needed to restore and maintain an individual at the maximum level of life function. This article focuse...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Williams JM,Dorto AJ

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During peacetime, the military physiatrist uses orthotics in much the same way as the civilian physiatrist. In wartime, the focus shifts to a return-to-duty scope of care, and orthotic use is limited. This article discussed orthotic use in the wartime and military training/deployment setting with special emphasis on t...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Braverman SE

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Orthopedics and neurosurgery offer multiple surgical modalities for improving the function, care, and well-being of children with spasticity. One surgical approach is not the best for all children with spasticity not adequately controlled with more conservative measures. For that reason, a multidisciplinary evaluation...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Grabb PA,Doyle JS

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate disability evaluation of a patient with TBI is a very difficult and detailed process. It requires an excellent background concerning the evaluation of all the physical, cognitive, behavioral, and functional abnormalities associated with TBI. Texts that highlight all these abnormalities include Medical Rehabil...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： McPeak LA,Stiers WM,Cope DN

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:These cases represent individuals who feel they have a severe impairment and are "disabled." They have been labeled with fibromyalgia. They are truly distressed. Their symptoms, their courses, are more chronic and refractory than those of medically ill patients, and they are high users of medical services, laboratory ...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Wolfe CV

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The acquired demyelinating neuropathies can be divided into those with an acute onset and course and those with a more chronic course. The acute neuropathies present as Guillain-Barré syndrome and include acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), Miller Fisher syndrome, acute motor axonal neuropa...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Ensrud ER,Krivickas LS

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disease-modifying agents that decrease the accumulation of disability are costly, inconvenient to use, and have the potential of significant side effects. The findings presented here suggest that much less costly health-promotion interventions may hold substantial promise as a complementary strategy for decreasing the...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Stuifbergen AK,Becker H

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pelvic and sacral dysfunctions resulting from sports-related injuries are unusual. A simple groin pull, however, can prohibit an athlete from participating in sports activities for an extended period of time. Pelvic floor dysfunctions can be particularly impairing for women athletes, and are rarely discussed in sports...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Prather H

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prosthetic socket must act as a customized connection between the residual limb's surrounding tissues and the prosthetic components. The socket must be designed to control weight bearing, suspension, and ambulation stability. When making a below-the-knee socket, the prosthetist attempts to maximize loading and min...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Edwards ML

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscle injury triggers a sequence of events that begin with a host inflammatory response that is followed by muscle fiber regeneration and new collagen synthesis. The inflammatory response involves at least three types of cells, including neutrophils, ED1+ macrophages, and ED2+ macrophages. A host of growth factors an...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Best TM,Hunter KD

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Imaging sports injuries is challenging, interesting, and evolving. The use of imaging and its various modalities depends on the clinicians' and radiologists' comfort and facility with those modalities, with the clinician playing the pivotal role. Imaging can be used to make diagnoses, define prognoses, influence treat...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Mintz DN

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The impact of musculoskeletal diseases on the overall function and well-being of a person with spinal cord injury (SCI) cannot be overstated. Even relatively minor musculoskeletal problems can lead to significant secondary disabilities and new societal limitations. This article reviews common musculoskeletal problems ...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Goldstein B

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews the causes of stroke and emphasizes the underlying vascular pathology. The risk factors associated with the pathologic processes are examined, with emphasis on the beneficial impact on stroke risk through the risk factor modification. Risk factor modification is a powerful tool in stroke preventio...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Gress DR,Singh V

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complementary movement therapies have been developed by individuals trained in a variety of disciplines. Movement therapies involve the body, mind, and spirit, and therefore the most informed opinion and recommendations come from personal experience. This article explores nine of the more popular Western movement ther...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Cotter AC

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antidepressant medications have a variety of uses in addition to the treatment of depression. This article focuses on the two most widely used categories of antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and the newer selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and highlights their use in post-stroke depressio...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Teasell RW,Merskey H,Deshpande S

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although basic research has revealed many mechanisms involved in the repair or elimination of damaged neurons, turning these mechanisms into clinically useful neuroprotective interventions is a slow process. Numerous neurotrophic factors seem to mediate neuronal repair and viability, but because the neurotrophic facto...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Richardson JS

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Volleyball has become one of the world's most popular participatory sports in recent years. There are many dynamic skills and movements needed to play the game. As a result, many overuse and traumatic injuries to the extremities and back may occur. This article addresses the history of the sport and its terminology. C...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Schutz LK

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are many inherent difficulties in the collection of epidemiologic ski data, but important trends have been identified. Further investigation into controllable risk factors is currently in progress in an attempt to reduce injury incidence, along with prophylactic strength training and conditioning programs. A com...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Laskowski ER

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Focal entrapment neuropathies in the foot, as compared to those of the hand, represent a daunting diagnostic challenge to many electromyographers. This article emphasizes an understanding of the anatomy of the foot as a fundamental key to its electrodiagnostic evaluation. The anatomic course of specific nerves will be...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Park TA,Del Toro DR

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is increasingly being used as an objective outcome measure in treatment trials for multiple sclerosis (MS), findings correlating conventional MR imaging and disabilities in established MS have been inconsistent. In some studies, measures of MR lesion status, such as numbe...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Gardner JC,Yazdani F

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It should be obvious from this article that usually only a focused history and physical examination are needed to evaluate a back patient. A summary of guideline recommendations presented by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research is provided in Table 7. If followed, few serious mistakes will occur, and a more ...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Andersson GB

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unfortunately, current conventional medical treatments for low back pain are not managing the problem effectively. Standard approaches to treatment, particularly surgery, may even be exacerbating the problem and causing additional pain and suffering. In this context, it is understandable that LBP patients often go out...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： Berman BM,Jonas W,Swyers JP

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contractures are exceedingly common impairments in selected progressive NMD conditions, particularly those with excessive fibrosis and fatty infiltration into muscle (i.e., dystrophic myopathies) and more severe NMD conditions, resulting in significant weakness and wheel-chair reliance, such as SMA. Less than antigrav...

journal_title：Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

authors： McDonald CM

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00